Engagement: Scope and Consequences of Its Termination
Engagement, which constitutes one of the first and most significant stages of the process leading to marriage in society, is not merely a social and traditional phenomenon. Although it is often perceived in society solely as a social and customary bond, engagement is an institution profoundly regulated under the Turkish Civil Code and connected to […]
Compensation for Mobbing and Discrimination in Labor Law
INTRODUCTION The structural transformations in working life, increasing competition, and managerial pressures have made the phenomenon of mobbing—defined as psychological harassment in the workplace—more visible. Mobbing (psychological harassment), in the context of labor law, refers to a worker being subjected to systematic, intentional, and repetitive negative behaviors in the workplace, which leads to psychological, professional, […]
The Crime of Persistent Stalking: Statutory Framework and Practice
The crime of stalking is a relatively new type of offense under the Turkish Penal Code (TPC). Considering present-day conditions and the ordinary course of life, certain acts and behaviors that may cause serious harm to society and victims have been criminalized in order to prevent such conduct from persisting or escalating. To this end, […]
Liability of Content Providers and Hosting Providers for Trademark and Copyright Infringement
A trademark is defined in Article 4 of the Industrial Property Code (IPC) No. 6769[i] as signs such as personal names, figures, letters, numbers, the shape or packaging of goods, provided that they serve to distinguish the goods or services of one undertaking from those of another. In other words, a trademark is a distinctive […]
Green Trade and the Impact of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) on International Trade Law
Overview International trade is the buying and selling of goods between countries through imports and exports. Historically, this process began with geographical discoveries and continued with the establishment of important trade routes, economically connecting countries. Factors such as insufficient domestic production, price differences between countries, and the emergence of specialization and division of labor in […]
The Green Asset Ratio Communique for Banks: A New Era for Sustainable Finance
Overview Increasing climate risks and the growing pressure for sustainability are steering financial markets towards new strategies that prioritize green investments. Due to its central role in resource allocation, the banking sector holds critical importance in the transition to a sustainable economy. The European Union’s Green Deal regulations, the taxonomy system that classifies economic activities […]
Action for Denial of Paternity and Recent Amendments
Filiation refers to the bond between people descending from the same ancestor; however, the legal meaning of the word is slightly different. Filiation is divided into two categories as narrow and broad sense. In the narrow sense, filiation means the bond between a person and their mother and father. “In the Turkish Civil Code (TCC), […]
Law No. 7545 on Cyber Security
With the acceleration of digitalization, cybersecurity has become one of the most critical priorities of modern states. The widespread adoption of technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, big data, and quantum computing has not only increased the complexity of cyberattacks but also necessitated the strengthening of defense mechanisms. In this context, Turkey has enacted Cybersecurity […]
Eviction Due to Tenant or Spouse Possessing an Alternative Suitable Residence
1. INTRODUCTION The rental relationship and lease agreements between lessors and tenants are now entirely governed under the new Turkish Code of Obligations (“TCO”) No. 6098. Nearly every aspect of this private law relationship has been extensively discussed in light of evolving economic conditions. In particular, considering that property owners (i.e., lessors) tend to terminate […]
General Health Insurance
1) Social Insurance Branches in Türkiye In Türkiye, the social security system consists of four main insurance branches. The first is short-term insurance, including occupational accidents, diseases, sickness, and maternity insurance. The second branch in the system is long-term insurance, covering invalidity, old age, and death insurance. Although not directly regulated by the Social Insurance […]